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Fusion energy: Progress, partnerships, and the path to deployment
Over the past decade, fusion energy has moved decisively from scientific aspiration toward a credible pathway to a new energy technology. Thanks to long-term federal support, we have significantly advanced our fundamental understanding of plasma physics—the behavior of the superheated gases at the heart of fusion devices. This knowledge will enable the creation and control of fusion fuel under conditions required for future power plants. Our progress is exemplified by breakthroughs at the National Ignition Facility and the Joint European Torus.
G. Kuang, J. Shan, W. Xu, Q. Zhang, Y. Liu, D. Liu, F. Liu, J. Lin, G. Zheng, J. Wu, W. Zhu, B. Ding, L. Shang, H. Xu, C. Yang, Y. Zhou, Y. Fang, J. Xie, Y. Wan
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 36 | Number 2 | September 1999 | Pages 212-218
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST99-A103
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A lower hybrid current drive system has been built for the HT-7 superconductive tokamak to deliver a 1.2-MW microwave at a frequency of 2.45 GHz for a pulse length of up to 5 s. Twelve klystron amplifiers are used as wave generators, each generating a 100-kW (130 kW at maximum) microwave. A grill coupler composed of 2 x 12 waveguides is used to launch the waves from the 12 klystrons. The wave phase difference between the adjacent waveguides in either row of the grill can be set at any desired value by feedback controlling the digital phase shifters in the low-power microwave circuits in front of the klystrons. The 12 klystrons are fed by two equal high-voltage power supplies. The technical reliability of the system is shown by experimental results.