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Fusion Science and Technology
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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Yu-ya Furukubo, Ken-ichi Fukuda, Masabumi Nishikawa, Sergey Beloglazov
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 48 | Number 1 | July-August 2005 | Pages 658-661
Technical Paper | Tritium Science and Technology - Materials Interaction and Permeation | doi.org/10.13182/FST05-A1011
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
It is required to develop an efficient tritium fueling cycle keeping the overall tritium breeding ratio larger than 1.0 and a reliable tritium confinement system assuring the radiation safety of tritium in construction of the D-T fusion reactor. The blanket is the place where the tritium recovery system has contact with the cooling system for electricity generation at the elevated temperature. Therefore, design of efficient means to recover bred tritium with minimum permeation loss is to be made.It is proposed in this study to construct a recovery system using the Pd alloy with adsorption bed after a precious metal catalyst bed. Effects of existence of water on dissociation reaction of hydrogen on palladium alloy membrane and on recombination reaction are discussed in this study for the case when 800 Pa of water vapor is introduced to the permeation primary side and/or permeation secondary side for the case when water vapor co-existed, and it was observed that water vapor prevents hydrogen permeation through palladium alloy at the lower temperature than 473K.