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Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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Latest News
The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
M. R. Wade, J. T. Hogan, D. L. Hillis, R. Maingi†, M. M. Menon, K. H. Burrell, R. J. Grocbncr, M. A. Mahdavi, W. P. West, D. F. Finkenthal‡, the DIII-D Team
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 26 | Number 3 | November 1994 | Pages 595-602
Divertor Experiment and Technology | Proceedings of the Eleventh Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy New Orleans, Louisiana June 19-23, 1994 | doi.org/10.13182/FST94-A40222
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A better understanding of helium transport in the plasma core and edge in enhanced confinement regimes is now emerging from recent experimental studies on DIII-D. Overall, the results are encouraging with significant helium exhaust obtained in a diverted, ELMing H-mode plasma, with and transport studies indicating that DHe/χeff ∼ 1 in all plasma conditions studied to date. However, measurements in the core and pumping plenum show a significant dilution of helium as it flows from the plasma core to the pumping plenum. Such dilution could be the limiting factor in the overall removal rate of helium in a reactor system.
