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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
Afaque Shams (NRG)
Proceedings | Advances in Thermal Hydraulics 2018 | Orlando, FL, November 11-15, 2018 | Pages 836-845
This article reports the importance of the correct prediction of turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal flows with the use of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) modelling approach. The Prandtl number of liquid metals is of the order of 0.025-0.001, hence making it very challenging for “off-the-shelf” RANS models to correctly predict the heat transfer phenomena. In this regard, some peculiarities of the “off-theshelf” RANS models are highlighted in different flow regimes, i.e. natural, mixed and forced convection. Furthermore, an updated status and perspectives of the available turbulent heat flux modelling closures within the nuclear community are provided with an especial focus on the low-Prandtl fluids.
