The impact of CsPbBr3, known for its high atomic number and cross section with neutrons, on the gamma-ray and neutron shielding properties of CsPbBr3-polypropylene (PP) composite material was investigated in this study. Critical shielding parameters, including linear attenuation coefficient μ, mass attenuation coefficient μm, half-value thickness, tenth-value layer, and mean free path (MFP), were calculated using Phy-X/PSD software. Additionally, two types of gamma-ray buildup factors, i.e., exposure buildup factor and energy absorption buildup factor, were computed within the range of 0.015 to 15 MeV for depths up to 40 MFP. Furthermore, the neutron shielding ability was evaluated by determining the neutron total effective removal cross section. The results demonstrate that the incorporation of CsPbBr3 enhances the gamma-ray and neutron shielding characteristics of the CsPbBr3-PP composite material.