ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2026
Nuclear Technology
August 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Salih Güntay, Robin C. Cripps, Bernd Jäckel, Horst Bruchertseifer
Nuclear Technology | Volume 150 | Number 3 | June 2005 | Pages 303-314
Technical Paper | Radioisotopes | doi.org/10.13182/NT05-A3624
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The decomposition of aqueous colloidal suspensions of AgI induced by ionizing radiation was investigated under various conditions using 188Re as an in situ beta-radiation source. The suspensions were stabilized by an initial excess of either I- or Ag+ ions. Although the results were somewhat scattered, the following trends were observed. With an initial excess of I- and under strong oxidizing conditions (N2O sparging) at pH 2, ~65% AgI was decomposed into nonvolatile and volatile iodine (ratio 2:1) for doses of ~20 kGy, and up to ~80% was decomposed (mostly nonvolatile iodine) at pH 5. Chloride ions greatly enhanced the volatile and lowered the nonvolatile fractions. Little decomposition (<10%) was obtained with air sparging at both pH 2 and pH 5. Chloride ions increased the maximum decompositions to ~60% (~47% volatile) and ~20% (mainly nonvolatile iodine), respectively. With an initial excess of Ag+ with N2O sparging and at pH 2 and pH 5, very little volatile iodine was produced. The maximum decomposition was ~20% after ~20 kGy. Chloride ion addition at pH 2 had greatly enhanced the volatile iodine yield. The relevance of these results to the possible release of iodine to the environment following a nuclear reactor accident is discussed.