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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Luis E. Herranz, Virginia Peyrés, Jesús Polo, María J. Escudero, Manuel M. Espigares, José López-Jiménez
Nuclear Technology | Volume 120 | Number 2 | November 1997 | Pages 95-109
Technical Paper | Nuclear Reactor Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT97-A35419
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
During some pressurized water reactor risk-dominant sequences, most of the radioactivity is discharged at very high velocities into nearly saturated pools. An experimental plan for pool scrubbing and its associated hydrodynamics under representative boundary conditions is carried out in the PECA facility. The retention tests show that a substantial fraction of particle absorption takes place at the pool entrance because of inertial removal mechanisms. This submergence-independent component of the decontamination factor (DF) becomes dominant for small submergences (S ≤ 1.25 m). The behavior of the gas at the pool entrance is investigated experimentally, and a close relation between primary bubble size and inlet gas flow is observed. In addition, the retention tests are modeled with the SPARC90 and BUSCA-AUG92 codes. SPARC90 shows fairly good agreement with the experimental data and indicates the importance of the entrance region in particle absorption. Nonetheless, the approximations and drawbacks of the aerosol removal models used in SPARC90 at the injection zone suggest the need for further separate-effects tests to validate, improve, and/or develop specific models for the entrance region and the need for additional hydrodynamic tests to better describe primary bubble behavior under a jet injection regime.