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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
J. A. Mowrey, S. I. Abdel-Khalik, K. W. Ross
Nuclear Technology | Volume 111 | Number 2 | August 1995 | Pages 283-302
Technical Paper | Nuclear Criticality Safety Special / Reactor Operation | doi.org/10.13182/NT95-A35138
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A RELAP5/MOD3.1 model of a boiling water reactor and an interface are developed as a real-time test platform for a physical feedwater control system and turbine governors. The reactor plant modeled is Browns Ferry unit 2. The model is used to test and tune the new digital reactor feedwater control system (RFWCS) for units 2 and 3. The set of modeled components, trips, and controls is determined based on the testing requirements for the RFWCS. The work is performed in two phases. In the first phase, the existing plant is modeled, including the previously existing analog feedwater control system and governor. The resulting RELAP5 model is benchmarked against existing plant data. Benchmarking results are presented along with data on initialization to steady state. Once the benchmarking effort is completed, the control systems in the model are altered to allow testing of the digital RFWCS in real time. An interface is developed to allow communications with the digital RFWCS and operator interaction, which allows the test platform to be used to determine control system response to various transients. Descriptions of the RELAP5 model and hardware and software for the interface are provided.
