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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Leonardo Romero, Luis Moreno, Ivars Neretnieks
Nuclear Technology | Volume 110 | Number 2 | May 1995 | Pages 238-249
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT95-A35121
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The evolution and formation of a redox front in the near field of a repository for high-level nuclear waste is modeled, considering the effect of a time-dependent source term of the oxidizing species produced by radiolysis of the water entering the canister. The transport of oxidants in the clay surrounding the canister occurs by diffusion. In the rock, the transport of oxidants is modeled as occurring through fractures, with diffusion into the rock matrix. The results show that it is not probable that the redox front will ever move past the bentonite. If it does, the tips of the redox front may move <100 m over a million year period in a channel with a high flow rate.