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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Chaitanyamoy Ganguly, Parameshwar Venkappa Hegde, Gyan Chand Jain
Nuclear Technology | Volume 105 | Number 3 | March 1994 | Pages 346-354
Technical Paper | Nuclear Fuel Cycle | doi.org/10.13182/NT94-A34935
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Around 200 kg of (Pu0.55 U0.45)C fuel pellets of relatively low density (86 ± 2% theoretical density) would be used as a driver fuel in the second core of the Fast Breeder Test Reactor in India. The current paper summarizes the production experience of the initial 15 kg of these fuel pellets following the “vacuum carbothermic synthesis” of tableted oxide-graphite powder mixture followed by “cold-pelletization” of carbide powder and “sintering.” The alterations made in the process equipment, radiation shielding arrangements, and fabrication parameters have been highlighted. The carbothermic synthesis and sintering were carried out in batches of 600 g and 1 kg, respectively. The percentage recovery of sintered pellets in all the batches was >90%. The resintering tests of pellets showed only marginal change in sintered density, ensuring minimum in-pile densification.