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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Theo G. Theofanous, Hongfei Yan
Nuclear Technology | Volume 101 | Number 3 | March 1993 | Pages 332-353
Technical Paper | Severe Accident Technology / Nuclear Reactor Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT93-A34793
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This is the second part of a three-part series of papers addressing the probability of liner failure in a Mark-I containment. The purpose is to quantify melt release and spreading phenomena in a form suitable for use in the probabilistic framework as discussed in the first part of this series. The quantification of melt release parameters (quantity, superheat, and zirconium content) is derived from an assessment of available system code results and certain independent auxiliary considerations of the physics of the meltdown and slumping processes in the relevant geometries. The quantification of melt spreading phenomena is based primarily on simulant scaled experiments run specifically for this purpose; however, auxiliary considerations of the physics of operative cooling and quenching mechanisms also play a significant role in this assessment.