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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Man-Sung Yim, John M. Christenson
Nuclear Technology | Volume 100 | Number 3 | December 1992 | Pages 361-377
Technical Paper | Reactor Operation | doi.org/10.13182/NT92-A34731
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The control characteristics of a load-following pressurized water reactor are investigated through the application of a nonlinear optimization method to a simplified plant simulator. A model describing the power level control and power distribution control is developed and used to formulate an optimal control problem. In the optimal control problem formulation, all of the safety and system operating limits are included as hard constraints, and the multiple objective functionals are combined into a single performance index. The differences in the calculated optimal load-following control strategies are investigated for the cases of steady-state Tavg (coolant average temperature) program operation and variable Tavg operation at both beginning-of-cycle and near end-of-cycle conditions. The results show that the amount of boron control action for the demanded load variations can be significantly reduced when variable Tavg operation is incorporated into the control policy.