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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Klaus L. Nissen
Nuclear Technology | Volume 95 | Number 2 | August 1991 | Pages 175-192
Technical Paper | Nuclear Fuel Cycle | doi.org/10.13182/NT91-A34555
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Fuel rod computer models are utilized to predict cladding tube integrity under normal operating or transient accident conditions in a nuclear fission reactor. The METHOD2D computer code, which includes a fuel rod mechanics model based on an axisymmetric finite element formulation, is developed and verified. This two-dimensional approach gives results for the axial and radial deformation of the fuel pellets and the cladding tube for the whole fuel rod. Because an algorithm for fuel pellet/cladding tube radial contact and axial friction is incorporated, the analysis of closed fuel/cladding gap situations is possible. Calculation results for a whole fuel rod are compared with a transient CABRI experiment that led to partial fuel melting but not to cladding failure.