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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
David J. Diamond, Dragan Mirkovic, Chia-Jung Hsu, Robert Fitzpatrick
Nuclear Technology | Volume 93 | Number 2 | February 1991 | Pages 158-165
Technical Paper | Nuclear Reactor Safet | doi.org/10.13182/NT91-A34502
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Beyond-design-basis overpressurization events in a boiling water reactor are studied to determine if they can lead to catastrophic fuel damage, i.e., fuel fragmentation and the rapid disruption of coolable geometry. This is part of a broader study for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to question the adequacy of the events previously selected as the design basis, and to determine if any sequences need more analysis in the context of severe accident research. The RELAP5/MOD2 calculations with failures of the reactor trip and recirculation pump trip, as well as safety and relief valve failures, show that no catastrophic fuel damage is expected. This, in combination with the low frequency of occurrence that can be inferred from the literature, results in a recommendation that no further consideration be given to these events at this time.