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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Jeffrey W. Ray, Albert B. Reynolds
Nuclear Technology | Volume 91 | Number 3 | September 1990 | Pages 394-403
Technical Paper | Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT90-A34460
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The effect of various antioxidants and antioxidant concentrations on the room-temperature radiation stability of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) materials used as insulation for electric cable in nuclear power plants is measured. Relative elongation to rupture between aged and unaged material is used as the measure of stability. The materials are irradiated to doses up to 2.0 MGy (200 Mrad) at a dose rate of 300 Gy/h (3 x 104 rad/h) in the Cobalt-60 Gamma Irradiation Facility at the University of Virginia. Several of the antioxidants in EPDM perform well to the maximum doses for which reliable data were obtained of either 1.0 or 1.6 MGy. An XLPE material with Agerite™ MA antioxidant performs well to the maximum dose for which reliable data were obtained of 1.0 MGy. Stabilization at 1.0 MGy increases with increasing antioxidant concentration, though not in proportion to the concentration.
