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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
V. S. Iyer, S. K. Mukerjee, R. V. Kamat, K. T. Pillai, N. Kumar, V. N. Vaidya, D. D. Sood
Nuclear Technology | Volume 91 | Number 3 | September 1990 | Pages 388-393
Technical Paper | Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT90-A34459
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Oxidation studies have been carried out on 11.5 to 12.0 g/cm3 density uranium monocarbide microspheres and on mixed 11.96 to 12.04 g/cm3 density uranium-plutonium carbide pellets under various oxygen partial pressures in the 550 to 745 K temperature range. Oxidation of UC and (U,Pu)C produced a U3O8 [oxygen-to-metal ratio (O/M) = 2.66] and (U,Pu)O2 (O/M = 2.15), respectively, with a carbon content of <600 ppm. The surface area of the resultant oxides as determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method are 1 to 2 and 4 to 5 m2/g, respectively. The oxidized products were suitable for wet and dry recycle.