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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Hugh M. MacLeod, George R. Chilton, J. Alan Dodd
Nuclear Technology | Volume 88 | Number 2 | November 1989 | Pages 190-200
Technical Paper | NSF Workshop on the Research Needs of the Next Generation Nuclear Power Technology / Fuel Cycle | doi.org/10.13182/NT89-A34327
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The installation of a versatile, integrated facility for the manufacture of advanced experimental uranium/plutonium nuclear fuels has recently been completed at the Windscale Laboratory of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. The facility for enhanced throughput of fuel and pins, with a production capability of 1 tonne of pelleted fuel and 2500 fuel pin/yr in a variety of fuel geometries and cladding materials, is unique in Europe. Exceptional process flexibility is achieved by adopting the design philosophy of “hands-on” operation with the support of simple mechanical and gravitational aids to material movement to minimize operator dose uptake. Comprehensive shielding allows the handling of recycle plutonium derived from high-burnup fuel with “difficult” isotopic composition at the levels of plutonium content envisaged for advanced thermal reactor fuel designs.