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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Shie-Jeng Peng
Nuclear Technology | Volume 83 | Number 3 | December 1988 | Pages 374-382
Technical Paper | Fifth International Retran Meeting / Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT88-A34150
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A RETRAN model was developed for determining the stability of boiling water reactors. This model was benchmarked against plant data from stability tests conducted during plant operations. The stability analysis with RETRAN is demonstrated using best-estimate RETRAN input data representative of the nuclear steam supply system. All of the important neutronic and thermal-hydraulic feedback mechanisms are taken into account through the modeling of the reactor vessel, recirculation loops, and core neutronics. The analysis was performed with the RETRAN-02/MOD003 computer code. The transient is initialized by a small step decrease in the steam dome pressure. The core exit (upper plenum) pressure and core power transient responses to this perturbation are transformed into frequency data and a system transfer function is then obtained. The system transfer function is fitted to a second-order equation from which the decay ratio and natural frequency can be determined.