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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan, A. Telal Wassel, Murthy S. Divakaruni
Nuclear Technology | Volume 81 | Number 1 | April 1988 | Pages 13-27
Technical Paper | Fission Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT88-A34075
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
An engineering model was developed to simulate the thermal-hydraulic phenomena in pressurized water reactor cores during bottom reflooding. The model couples the fluid thermal hydraulics and radial heat transfer in the fuel rods. The system dynamics were formulated in terms of a set of ordinary differential equations, which were integrated using the Gear integration package. A dynamic nodal scheme, which moves with the quench-front location, was utilized to predict the fuel rod temperatures. Model predictions and comparisons with full-scale experiments are provided, and show good agreement with the FLECHT-SEASET and Slab Core Test Facility data. The proposed methodology was found to be computationally fast when compared with previous approaches, and can be readily integrated with other modules to simulate the complete reactor coolant system.