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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
D. O. Campbell, A. P. Malinauskas, W. R. Stratton
Nuclear Technology | Volume 53 | Number 2 | May 1981 | Pages 111-119
Technical Paper | Realistic Estimates of the Consequences of Nuclear Accident / Nuclear Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT81-A32615
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
It is commonly assumed that the chemical form of fission product iodine that escapes from the core of a light water reactor under accident conditions is the elemental form. Experimental evidence is presented that indicates that this assumption is incorrect; instead, a metal iodide (probably cesium iodide) is the chemical form that escapes from the fuel. Moreover, since transport through the primary system necessarily occurs under chemically reducing conditions, a change in valence of the iodine is not possible until the oxidizing conditions characteristic of reactor containment buildings are encountered. However, it is also demonstrated that elemental iodine cannot be a dominant form if, as occurred at the Three Mile Island reactor, the iodide contacts water and is transported into the containment building in aqueous solution.