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Laser-crystal sensor measures strong magnetic fields in challenging environments
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have patented a magneto-optical sensor, which uses a rare earth crystal and laser light to measure the strength of intense magnetic fields and electrical currents.
“We think this technology is a pretty major improvement in measuring magnetic fields,” said Israel Owens, a Sandia physicist and co-inventor of the sensor. “We think it’ll be essential especially for research in fusion, high-energy physics, and the power utilities industry. We’re really excited about where things are going.”
R. L. Klueh, D. A. Canonico
Nuclear Technology | Volume 36 | Number 3 | December 1977 | Pages 353-367
Technical Paper | Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT77-A31949
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The creep-rupture properties of a cylindrical Type 304 stainless-steel forging weld overlaid with Type 308 stainless-steel weld metal were evaluated. Tests were made at 755, 811, and 866 K on tangential and radial (relative to the axis of the forging cylinder) specimens taken from the weld metal, from the forging as forged, and the forging adjacent to the weld metal/forging interface. Two types of axial specimens were also tested: specimens taken from the unaffected forging and specimens taken across the fusion line. These latter specimens contained both weld metal and forging in the specimen gauge section. At all temperatures, the rupture strength of the forging immediately adjacent to the fusion line was greater than that of the forging specimens taken at a distance from the fusion line. All forging specimens were stronger than the Type 308 stainless steel of the overlay weld metal. The only effect of orientation was found for the overlay weld metal, where the tangential specimens had a slightly greater rupture life than the radial specimens. (The minimum creep rates for the two orientations were similar.) At 811 and 866 K, the ductilities of the overlay weld metal continuously decreased with increased rupture life. A minimum was found for the ductility-rupture life relationship of the Type 304 stainless-steel forging specimens at 866 K, while at 811 K, the ductility continuously decreased with increased rupture life.