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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
D. Stöver, R. Hecker
Nuclear Technology | Volume 35 | Number 2 | September 1977 | Pages 465-474
Fission Product Release | Coated Particle Fuel / Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT77-A31906
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Release data of cesium in Biso low-temperature isotropic (LTI) and high-temperature isotropic (HTI) coated particles are presented. Experimental and theoretical methods are briefly discussed. From the analysis of our experiments, kernel diffusion coefficients are calculated covering the kernel burnup range from 0.2 to 16% FIMA. At FIMA values ≥5%, cesium release is governed by the relatively low activation energy of ∼19 kcal/mole (79.6 kJ/mole), and even at temperatures as low as ∼900°C (1173 K), kernel retention remains low. The outer pyrocarbon layer acts as the release rate controlling barrier for both LTI and HTI coatings. Diffusion coefficients in the temperature range from 1000 to 1500°C (1273 to 1773 K) for LTI coatings and 1250 to 1600°C (1523 to 1873 K) for HTI coatings have been derived and lead to the following Arrhenius equations: On the basis of these data, releases for high-temperature-reactor cores can be calculated.