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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Garry C. Gose, John G. Shatford, Lance J. Agee
Nuclear Technology | Volume 122 | Number 2 | May 1998 | Pages 132-145
Technical Paper | RETRAN | doi.org/10.13182/NT98-A2857
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A RETRAN-03 computer code version has been developed to analyze reactor transients requiring three-dimensional reactor core neutronics models. The new code will enable the user to couple a complex RETRAN nuclear steam supply system model to a detailed multidimensional neutronics core model.The neutronics model is based on a three-dimensional nodal model using the analytic nodal method that allows a detailed three-dimensional representation of the core but requires less computational effort than conventional fine-mesh finite difference methods. The model uses a full two-group diffusion equation implementation coupled to six delayed neutron groups.Two representative analyses were used as evaluation cases. The work involved the first use of the RETRAN-03 advanced system analysis code using three-dimensional neutronics methods. The purpose of these studies was to gain experience in RETRAN-3D modeling methods and to compare the results with previous calculations as part of a code verification effort.The work has led to a new capability for the RETRAN-03 code, enabling the user to examine the core behavior in more detail than in previous versions and to study transients that involve nonsymmetric core behavior.