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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Kei-Ichi Otoha, Shunsuke Uchida
Nuclear Technology | Volume 122 | Number 1 | April 1998 | Pages 72-82
Technical Paper | Reactor Operations and Control | doi.org/10.13182/NT98-A2852
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
From analyses of the isotopic contribution of radioactive contamination on major components around the main boiling water reactor turbine system and the isotopic distribution along the system, the following conclusions are drawn:1. Contamination, especially on components that are installed downstream of the low-pressure turbine, is caused by the drain of surplus reactor water into the main condenser.2. Contamination is from radioactive fission products and radioactive corrosion products that are carried with the main steam flow.To reduce radioactive contamination, it is most important to drain the hot water directly into the radwaste system. To reduce contamination from carryover radioactivity, it is essential to suppress the radioactivity in the reactor water. Preventing fuel defects and suppressing the radioactivity of crud in the reactor water can decrease contamination of the main turbine system and minimize the contaminated area, which lessens the possibility of internal exposure.