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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Henry K. Peterson
Nuclear Technology | Volume 87 | Number 2 | October 1989 | Pages 433-442
Technical Paper | TMI-2: Health Physics and Environmental Release / Radioactive Waste Management | doi.org/10.13182/NT89-A27734
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
During and after the March 1979 accident at Three Mile Island Unit 2, highly contaminated water was released to the reactor building (RB) basement, which submerged basement structures to a depth of 2.59 m. When the water was removed from the RB, the radiation fields in the upper portions of the RB did not decrease as expected. Basement radiation source terms were identified and characterized with strings of personnel thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). The TLD data were then used to model the radiation sources using the ISOSHLD computer code to demonstrate the significance to personnel exposures during subsequent recovery operations within the RB.