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Fusion Science and Technology
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WIPP: Lessons in transportation safety
As part of a future consent-based approach by the federal government to site new deep geologic repositories for nuclear waste, local communities and states that are considering hosting such facilities are sure to have many questions. Currently, the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico is the only example of such a repository in operation, and it offers the opportunity for state and local officials to visit and judge for themselves the risks and benefits of hosting a similar facility. But its history can also provide lessons for these officials, particularly the political process leading up to the opening of WIPP, the safety of WIPP operations and transportation of waste from generator facilities to the site, and the economic impacts the project has had on the local area of Carlsbad, as well as the rest of the state of New Mexico.
H. Weisen, A. V. Melnikov, S. Perfilov, S. Lysenko
Fusion Science and Technology | Volume 59 | Number 2 | February 2011 | Pages 418-426
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/FST11-A11656
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This paper examines the possibility of using the principle of conservation of canonical momentum applied to heavy ion beam orbits to obtain an estimate of the local poloidal flux at the position of ionization in a tokamak plasma. The presence of a nonaxisymmetrical ripple field, induced by the discreteness of the toroidal field coils, precludes a strict application of the principle. However, the results suggest that toroidal ripple in regions outside the plasma can be accounted for using knowledge of the particle beam's initial position and angular momentum together with measurements of the secondary beam's position and angular momentum to obtain an accurate estimate of the local poloidal flux in the plasma. A way of measuring the toroidal momentum of the secondaries is proposed, using two position measurements along the trajectory. The proposed method potentially provides powerful constraints if combined with an equilibrium code for solving the Grad-Shafranov equation.