ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Groundwater data pave the way for Environmental Management Disposal Facility at Oak Ridge
Results of a two-year study of groundwater levels at the site of the planned Environmental Management Disposal Facility (EMDF) in Oak Ridge, Tenn., have been released, revealing that the levels fell at a slower-than-expected rate. The collection of data on groundwater levels during two wet seasons, conducted by the Oak Ridge Office of Environmental Management and the contractor United Cleanup Oak Ridge, formed the core of a groundwater field demonstration study which will help inform the final design of the EMDF landfill.
Alexander Heifetz, Xin Huang, Roberto Ponciroli, Sasan Bakhtiari, Richard Vilim (ANL), Jafar Saniie (IIT)
Proceedings | Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Control, and Human-Machine Interface Technolgies (NPIC&HMIT 2019) | Orlando, FL, February 9-14, 2019 | Pages 49-58
Transmission of information using elastic waves on existing metallic pipes provides an alternative communication option for a nuclear facility. The advantages of this approach consist of transmitting information through barriers, such as the containment building wall, and providing an option for nuclear facility physical cybersecurity. Ultrasonic carrier frequency elastic shear waves confined to a metallic pipe create a communication channel which is difficult to eavesdrop on without direct physical contact. Compared electric or fiber optic cables, the communication channel consisting of a thick nuclear-grade stainless steel pipe is resilient to physical damage, such as channel severing. In this paper, we discuss acoustic communication system design considerations, including data transmission requirements for a nuclear facility and transducer operating conditions. A viable candidate for acoustic communication channel is a chemical volume control system (CVCS) stainless steel pipe, which penetrates through the containment building wall. A laboratory bench-scale system consisting of a nuclear grade CVCS-like pipe and ultrasonic transducers was assembled for a preliminary communication system analysis. Because of low bandwidth and spectral dispersion of ultrasonic transducers, on off keying (OOK) protocol was chosen for data communication. Laboratory tests have shown the acoustic communication system to be resilient to low frequency noise, such as process noise at a nuclear facility. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) communication protocol was developed using GNURadio software environment, and demonstration of data transmission was performed using piezo-electric (PZT) and electromagnetic acoustic (EMAT) transducers. Main achievements thus far include demonstration of transmission of sound and text files with PZT and EMAT across six-foot long nuclear grade stainless steel pipe, and demonstration of image transmission with PZT over the pipe. In the former example, 32KB image was transmitted at 2Kb/s bitrate. Efforts are currently under way to further enhance data transmission rate.