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Reimagining nuclear materials for the future of medicine
Nuclear medicine has come a long way since Henri Becquerel first observed the penetrating energy of radioactive materials in 1896. Today, technetium-99m alone is used in more than 40 million diagnostic procedures every year—from cardiovascular imaging and bone scans to cancer detection—making it the undisputed workhorse of nuclear medicine. That single statistic tells you something important: An enormous portion of modern diagnostic medicine rests on a surprisingly narrow foundation, one built around a small number of aging research reactors that were never originally designed for continuous isotope production.
Özlem Yilmaz, Michael Buck, Jöoerg Starflinger (Univ of Stuttgart)
Proceedings | 2018 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2018) | Charlotte, NC, April 8-11, 2018 | Pages 900-909
In case of a severe accident in a light water reactor, core melt can be released from the reactor pressure vessel and dislocate to the reactor cavity where it attacks the concrete structures. In order to avoid possible containment failure due to molten corium concrete interaction, the molten corium is to be retained and cooled. Core-catcher concepts considering water-injection via the bottom into the melt layer can lead to rapid quenching and solidification of the melt layer, forming a highly porous structure. The COMET-PC concept relies on porous concrete layers to distribute the water below the melt layer. This paper presents investigations on hydraulics of prototypical porous concretes that have been being used for the experimental verification of the COMET-PC core-catcher system. Pressure losses within these concretes were measured for various water flow rates to determine permeability and passability of the porous concretes. Measurement results were applied in simulations of COMET-PC experiments and reactor application with the COCOMO3D code. The simulation results show that using these concretes in large reactor cavity would not provide sufficiently homogeneous cooling of the entire corium layer unless additional water distribution systems are installed.