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MIT professor develops method to verify compliance with Outer Space Treaty
Danagoulian
Areg Danagoulian of the Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is proposing a mechanism for verifying that Earth-orbiting satellites are in compliance with the Outer Space Treaty, which prohibits the placement of nuclear weapons in space. Danagoulian’s “concept and feasibility study,” titled “Verification of the Outer Space Treaty with cosmic protons,” was published recently in the journal Nature.
Ignazio Beghi, Sabrina Tietze, Terttaliisa Lind (PSI), Horst-Michael Prasser (ETH Zürich)
Proceedings | 2018 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2018) | Charlotte, NC, April 8-11, 2018 | Pages 302-309
Wet scrubbers are commonly used in Filtered Containment Venting Systems (FCVS) due to their high collection efficiency for aerosol particles, and due to the possibility of simultaneously retaining gas phase species, such as elemental iodine (I2) and organic iodides (e.g. methyl iodide). Whereas proven to be efficient for aerosol particle retention, gas phase elemental iodine and organic iodide retention in wet scrubbers is limited due to several factors. In this investigation, the retention of elemental iodine in a wet scrubber was determined in a small-scale experimental facility. To investigate the effect of pool hydrodynamics on the elemental iodine retention, the flow rate was varied, resulting in different flow regimes. In addition, the gas residence time in the scrubber was varied by changing the water level in the facility. As the added chemicals had an effect on the hydrodynamic behavior of the scrubber, the tests were always carried out with the relevant wet scrubber chemicals. Tests were carried out at different flow regimes, i.e., bubbly and churn-turbulent flow, to determine the effect on iodine retention. Iodine retention close to the injection orifice, in the „injection zone“, was studied separately from the „bubble rise zone“. The experimental results were compared with existing pool scrubbing codes.