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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
C. Toccoli, M. Caillaud, M. Démoulins, A. Laithier, S. Lemaire, J. C. Ribes, D. Riz
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 3 | December 2009 | Pages 933-937
Miscellaneous | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (PART 3) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9329
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
From a computing standpoint, flash X-ray radiography is much more time-consuming than traditional X-ray applications, and despite the constant increase of computing resources, methods to reduce the calculation time while preserving accuracy are highly needed. At the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DIANE is the code devoted to flash X-ray calculations. After a brief description of the general features of DIANE, two selected methods implemented in DIANE to provide fast calculations are described. One concerns bremsstrahlung X-ray creation without electron transport electrons: the SSB model. The quality of this model is assessed within the framework of flash X-ray applications on two test problems with a fully photon-electron transport performed with MCNP5. The other focuses on particle tracking and Woodcock tracking. The performance of tracking within large meshes is evaluated.