ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Sep 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2025
Latest News
Reflections on NOW
Hash Hasemianpresident@ans.org
Last month, I talked about my goal of strengthening ANS’s voice, in part by attending three conferences. I have now checked the first event off that list: the Nuclear Opportunities Workshop.
This year, NOW took another step in outgrowing its “workshop” moniker and transitioning to a full-fledged regional conference and expo. What started only a few years ago as a small gathering in Oak Ridge, Tenn., with roughly 50 attendees has skyrocketed to an event with 1,100 people in attendance in Knoxville.
NOW’s popularity reflected how busy the roughly 350 nuclear companies in Tennessee have been in recent years. There is significant work going on surrounding Gen IV reactor development and deployment, advancements in new nuclear fuels, and defense-related builds like the Uranium Processing Facility.
Yukio Sakamoto, Hideo Hirayama, Osamu Sato, Akinao Shimizu
Nuclear Technology | Volume 168 | Number 3 | December 2009 | Pages 585-590
Nuclear Data | Special Issue on the 11th International Conference on Radiation Shielding and the 15th Topical Meeting of the Radiation Protection and Shielding Division (PART 3) / Radiation Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT09-A9273
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Bremsstrahlung radiation (hereinafter referred to as bremsstrahlung) production data are needed in the calculation of buildup factors, including the contribution of secondary photons by the photon transport codes, which do not handle electron transport. The emission of bremsstrahlung is treated as exactly as possible by the introduction of EGS4 results. The bremsstrahlung production data by pair-created electrons per pair creation reaction and Compton scattered electrons per Compton scattering are evaluated for 26 elements from hydrogen to uranium and four compounds and mixtures of water, concrete, air, and lead glass. The error estimation of bremsstrahlung contribution to buildup factors by the invariant embedding (IE) method coupled with these bremsstrahlung data is coincident with fully transported results by the EGS4 code within [approximately]5%. By the introduction of bremsstrahlung production data into IE methods, we can calculate buildup factors included by the contribution of those with good accuracy up to deep penetration. By the interpolation and mixture of bremsstrahlung production data for each element, we can evaluate the data of the element or mixture whose data are not evaluated by the EGS4 code.