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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Dae-Hyun Hwang, Kyong-Won Seo, Chung-Chan Lee
Nuclear Technology | Volume 158 | Number 2 | May 2007 | Pages 219-228
Technical Paper | Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT07-A3837
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Critical heat flux (CHF) in rod bundles is a parameter of great importance for the thermal-hydraulic design and safety analysis of advanced light water reactors. An experimental investigation has been conducted for the 19-rod hexagonal test bundles with a tightly spaced nonsquare arrangement of heater rods. The parametric effects on the CHF were examined for the heated length, the unheated rod, and the nonuniform axial power shape. As a result, a pertinent CHF correlation has been developed on the basis of the bundle cross-sectional averaged conditions. The available CHF database for rod bundles with square and nonsquare rod pitches was employed for the assessment of representative CHF correlations that were applicable to the round tubes and rod bundles. The database covered a wide range of operating conditions and test bundle geometries that are applicable to advanced light water reactors. The prediction accuracy of the CHF correlations was evaluated on the basis of the local thermal-hydraulic conditions calculated by a subchannel analysis code.