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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
S. Usman, S. Abdallah, M. Hawwari, M. Scarangella, L. Shoaib
Nuclear Technology | Volume 157 | Number 1 | January 2007 | Pages 65-73
Technical Paper | Thermal Hydraulics | doi.org/10.13182/NT07-A3802
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Thermal fluid physics associated with natural convection is investigated by using Rayleigh-Bénard convection experiments and numerical simulations. An analogy is proposed between the phenomenon of natural convection and an integrator circuit. This analogy is a logical extension of the resistor circuit analogy for conduction. Both experimental data and thermo-fluid simulations support the proposed model. It is observed that the characteristic time constant of the phenomenon of convection is a function of Prandtl number and acceleration due to gravity. The effect of reduced gravity and increased fluid viscosity is discussed. These results can significantly assist in thermal fluid analysis of future space reactors.