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Undeclared uranium hitches a ride on cobalt exports from Congo, study says
Philippe (left) and Manzuk quantified the amount of uranium that has been exported from the DRC in cobalt shipments or left behind in the environment. (Photo: Joel Hallberg/UW–Madison)
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Princeton University have published a study in Nature Communications that calls attention to a blind spot in nuclear nonproliferation: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has exported thousands of metric tons of uranium, and there is no accounting for where it has gone.
In partnership with Lighthouse Reports and the Financial Times, UW–Madison nuclear engineering professor and nuclear security expert Sébastien Philippe and Ryan Manzuk, a geologist and research fellow in Philippe’s group and at Princeton, conducted the study using countrywide mineralization and geochemical data.
Jonathan Naish, Frances Fox, Zamir Ghani, Michael Loughlin, Lee Packer, Andrew Turner
Nuclear Technology | Volume 192 | Number 3 | December 2015 | Pages 299-307
Technical Paper | Accelerators | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-132
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The Applied Radiation Physics Group at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, United Kingdom, has developed and applied state-of-the-art radiation mapping methods and tools. The tools enable complex shielding calculations in and around fusion devices, both during and after plasma operations, to inform on associated radiation fields for operational, maintenance, and remote handling scenarios, for example. Here, we present a description and application of those tools to produce radiation maps to support (a) the Joint European Torus (JET) operational safety case for a new D-T campaign that is foreseen for 2020, with neutron emission rates in excess of 1018 n/s and a total neutron yield up to 1.7 × 1021 n, and (b) the ITER device.
Three tools are presented in this paper: An automated global variance reduction tool applied to the JET facility; a portable bounding surface source referred to as a mesh source, which has been applied to activated materials; and a smeared source routine, which enables the calculation of integral fields associated with moving sources. These tools are demonstrated, in combination, to produce the integrated three-dimensional dose map of an activated divertor component being transported through a path within the ITER facility.