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Glass strategy: Hanford’s enhanced waste glass program
The mission of the Department of Energy’s Office of River Protection (ORP) is to complete the safe cleanup of waste resulting from decades of nuclear weapons development. One of the most technologically challenging responsibilities is the safe disposition of approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive waste historically stored in 177 tanks at the Hanford Site in Washington state.
ORP has a clear incentive to reduce the overall mission duration and cost. One pathway is to develop and deploy innovative technical solutions that can advance baseline flow sheets toward higher efficiency operations while reducing identified risks without compromising safety. Vitrification is the baseline process that will convert both high-level and low-level radioactive waste at Hanford into a stable glass waste form for long-term storage and disposal.
Although vitrification is a mature technology, there are key areas where technology can further reduce operational risks, advance baseline processes to maximize waste throughput, and provide the underpinning to enhance operational flexibility; all steps in reducing mission duration and cost.
O. Petit, E. Dumonteil
Nuclear Technology | Volume 192 | Number 3 | December 2015 | Pages 259-263
Technical Paper | Radiation Transport and Protection | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-128
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear instrumentation configurations generally need to be run in a full analog transport mode. Up to Version 9 of the Monte Carlo code TRIPOLI-4®, the transport between two consecutive neutron collisions is analog if no variance reduction technique is requested by the user, but the collision itself is sampled in a nonanalog way. This paper presents the first implementation of a full analog neutron transport mode in TRIPOLI-4. This option concerns only fixed-source simulations.
Details on the modifications implemented in the code are provided: The analog sampling of neutron interactions and the particular cases of fission and scattering reactions with multiple outgoing neutrons are addressed.
Preliminary verification tests are provided, and results from nonanalog and analog neutron transport in a simple configuration of a pressurized water reactor fuel assembly are compared. An example of application to the simulation of the NUCIFER detector is also provided. This experiment, located in Saclay, France, next to the OSIRIS experimental reactor, is dedicated to reactor antineutrino detection, addressing both nonproliferation considerations and fundamental physics concerns. Antineutrinos emitted by fission reactions in OSIRIS are detected through the inverse beta decay reaction, producing a positron and a neutron. An analog TRIPOLI-4 simulation allowed us to calculate the distribution of neutron capture times on gadolinium nuclei.