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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
M. Kowaka, H. Nagano, T. Kudo, Y. Okada, M. Yagi, O. Takaba, T. Yonezawa, K. Arioka
Nuclear Technology | Volume 55 | Number 2 | November 1981 | Pages 394-404
Technical Paper | Materials | doi.org/10.13182/NT55-394
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
It was shown that a modified Huey test, i.e., a 24-h immersion in boiling 40% HNO3, is able to exactly detect the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Alloy 600, which is correlated with intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) behavior in high temperature water containing small amounts of chloride ions. Chromium content at the regions adjacent to grain boundaries in sensitized Alloy 600 was analyzed as ∼3% by the measurement of magnetic susceptibility. Heat treating Alloy 600 at low temperatures, e.g., at 700°C for 15 h, improves the IGSCC resistance to both high temperature water and caustic solutions by constructing suitable micro structures resistant to sensitization, in which chromium carbides precipitate predominantly in the matrix instead of grain boundaries.