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Undeclared uranium hitches a ride on cobalt exports from Congo, study says
Philippe (left) and Manzuk quantified the amount of uranium that has been exported from the DRC in cobalt shipments or left behind in the environment. (Photo: Joel Hallberg/UW–Madison)
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Princeton University have published a study in Nature Communications that calls attention to a blind spot in nuclear nonproliferation: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has exported thousands of metric tons of uranium, and there is no accounting for where it has gone.
In partnership with Lighthouse Reports and the Financial Times, UW–Madison nuclear engineering professor and nuclear security expert Sébastien Philippe and Ryan Manzuk, a geologist and research fellow in Philippe’s group and at Princeton, conducted the study using countrywide mineralization and geochemical data.
William D. Fullmer, Martin A. Lopez De Bertodano
Nuclear Technology | Volume 191 | Number 2 | August 2015 | Pages 185-192
Technical Note | Fission Reactors | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-110
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
One-dimensional two-fluid models used for the simulation of large, industrial-scale problems require many simplifying assumptions to make a closed model that is tractable, applicable to a wide variety of flow regimes, and computationally efficient. Of particular interest here is the virtual mass force and the simplified form used in the RELAP5/MOD3.3 model. Comparison of the characteristics of the simplified model with a more complete two-fluid model for bubbly two-phase flow shows a remarkable similarity. Comparison to experimental data is also surprisingly favorable—provided that the flow conditions are determined appropriately. Namely, the characteristic analysis determined that a drift velocity for distorted bubbly flow, rather than for churn-turbulent flow, matches the data more accurately. The study is concluded by implementing a distorted bubbly drift velocity correlation into the RELAP5/MOD3.3 code. A comparison of the void wave speeds with the data confirms the results of the characteristic analysis.