ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2026
Nuclear Technology
August 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Xin-Guo Yu, Ki-Yong Choi, Chul-Hwa Song, Istvan Trosztel, Ivan Toth, Gyorgy Ezsol
Nuclear Technology | Volume 191 | Number 2 | August 2015 | Pages 136-150
Technical Paper | Reactor Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT14-55
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Pressure waves might be expected in a nuclear reactor system due to a sudden rupture of a pipe or to quick opening or closure of a system valve. Once generated, they can result in large mechanical loads on the reactor pressure vessel internal structures and pipelines, threatening their integrity. This kind of phenomenon is an important issue and a limiting accident case for nuclear power plant safety, which requires an extensive analysis to ensure plant safety. To study these phenomena, four pressure wave propagation (PWP) tests have been performed in the PMK-2 test facility in MTA-EK. In addition, the first one of the four tests has been used to assess the capability of the MARS-KS code in simulating PWP phenomena. Then, an input model representing the PMK-2 test facility was developed to simulate the tests. Herein, the MARS-KS code simulation results are compared with the test results for the first PWP test. The comparison shows that the MARS-KS code can simulate the PWP frequencies and pressure wave peaks well. After this qualified assessment, the MARS-KS code is then deployed to conduct a sensitivity analysis on the effect of the break size, break opening times, initial coolant conditions, and existence of the pressurizer on the PWP phenomena. The sensitivity analysis on the break opening times shows that the pressure wave amplitude is relevant to the break opening times and that the shorter the break opening time is, the faster the pressure depressurizes. The sensitivity analysis on the effect of the break sizes shows that the larger the break size is, the higher the pressure peak is. And, there is little effect of initial coolant pressure and temperatures and isolation of the pressurizer.
