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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
W. M. Stacey, V. L. Beavers, W. A. Casino, J. R. Cheatham, Z. W. Friis, R. D. Green, W. R. Hamilton, K. W. Haufler, J. D. Hutchinson, W. J. Lackey, R. A. Lorio, J. W. Maddox, J. Mandrekas, A. A. Manzoor, C. A. Noelke, C. de Oliveira, M. Park, D. W. Tedder, M. R. Terry, E. A. Hoffman
Nuclear Technology | Volume 150 | Number 2 | May 2005 | Pages 162-188
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste Management and Disposal | doi.org/10.13182/NT05-A3614
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A design is presented for a subcritical, He-cooled fast reactor, driven by a tokamak D-T fusion neutron source, for the transmutation of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). The reactor is fueled with coated transuranic (TRU) particles and is intended for the deep-burn (>90%) transmutation of the TRUs in SNF without reprocessing of the coated fuel particles. The reactor design is based on the materials, fuel, and separations technologies under near-term development in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Energy Program and on the plasma physics and fusion technologies under near-term development in the DOE Fusion Energy Sciences Program, with the objective of intermediate-term (~2040) deployment. The physical and performance characteristics and research and development requirements of such a reactor are described.
