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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Lee G. Glascoe, Thomas A. Buscheck, James Gansemer, Yunwei Sun, Kenrick Lee
Nuclear Technology | Volume 148 | Number 2 | November 2004 | Pages 125-137
Technical Paper | High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal | doi.org/10.13182/NT04-A3553
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The MultiScale ThermoHydrologic Model (MSTHM) is used to predict thermal-hydrologic conditions in emplacement drifts and the adjoining host rock throughout a proposed nuclear waste repository. This modeling effort simulates a lower-temperature operation mode with a different panel loading than the repository currently being considered for the Yucca Mountain license application. Simulations address the influence of repository-scale thermal-conductivity heterogeneity and the influence of preclosure operational factors on thermal-loading conditions. MSTHM can accommodate a complex repository layout, a development that, along with other improvements, enables more rigorous analyses of preclosure operational factors. Differences in MSTHM output occurring with these new capabilities are noted for a new sequential waste-package-loading technique compared with a standard simultaneous-loading technique. Alternative approaches to modeling repository-scale thermal-conductivity heterogeneity in the host-rock units are investigated, and a study incorporating geostatistically varied host-rock thermal conductivity is discussed.