ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Ralf Wittmaack
Nuclear Technology | Volume 119 | Number 2 | August 1997 | Pages 158-180
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT97-A35384
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
New design features of future reactors are being developed to ensure the integrity of the reactors under severe accident conditions. These features include the spreading of corium with subsequent flooding and cooling. Numerical simulations are performed to reduce the number of necessary large-scale experiments with radioactive material. For this reason, the development, verification, and validation of simulation methods are important foci. A method for predicting three-dimensional free-surface flows of a single-component, incompressible Newtonian fluid is presented. The thermodynamics and discrete phase transitions are simulated also. In addition to the fluid, structural materials are considered as hydrodynamic obstacles and heat structures. The method is applied to several flow, heat transfer, and phase transition problems of water and glycerol and of cerrotru (low-melting Bi-Sn alloy), thermite, and corium melts. The predictions provide a satisfactory representation of the experimental data and analytical solutions. Different physical processes are analyzed, e.g., gravity waves, creeping flows, Bénard convection, and thermodynamic interactions of fluid, structural material, and surroundings. The method is applied to the layout and design of experiments and exvessel corium-retention devices in nuclear reactors.