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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Shunji Homma, Mitsuhiro Takanashi, Jiro Koga, Shiro Matsumoto, Masaki Ozawa
Nuclear Technology | Volume 116 | Number 1 | October 1996 | Pages 108-114
Technical Paper | Enrichment and Reprocessing System | doi.org/10.13182/NT96-A35315
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A new approach for evaluating the apparent equilibrium and rate constants for the reaction of Np(V) with nitric acid by using the process data of multistage countercurrent solvent extraction experiments is proposed. The numerical simulation of neptunium extraction in the co-decontamination process of the Purex process is carried out on the assumption of the rate equation. The apparent equilibrium and rate constants are determined by the nonlinear least-squares method with experimental data for multistage countercurrent solvent extraction with a numerical simulation code. The determined apparent equilibrium and rate constants are 1.25 to 1.97 x 10-2 min-1 and 6.04 to 11.5 x 10-4 (ℓ/mol)3/2, respectively. These values are consistent with those obtained in other kinetic studies.