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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Luiz Rogério Araujo de Araujo, Aquilino Senra Martinez, Roberto Schirru, Renato Kahn
Nuclear Technology | Volume 82 | Number 3 | September 1988 | Pages 324-329
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT88-A34133
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A computerized system that assists pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear plant operators in controlling the saturation margin is described. This system continuously calculates and provides the temperature or pressure margin from saturation, and indicates the temperature and pressure values used for its calculation. The reactor core heatup and cooldown rates are also continuously provided by this computer-based system. The saturation curve is represented by a polynomial approximation as a function of temperature or pressure. Twenty-one analog signals of a PWR power plant are acquired by the system for calculating the margin and temperature variation rates. The man/machine interface is done through the visualization panel, which displays the above-mentioned values. Compared to the temperature and pressure values displayed in the visualization panel, the error of margin is always <0.5%.