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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Yi-Chiang Chang, Alexander Sesonske
Nuclear Technology | Volume 65 | Number 2 | May 1984 | Pages 292-304
Technical Paper | Fuel Cycle | doi.org/10.13182/NT84-A33412
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Low-leakage extended burnup fuel management is a promising pressurized water reactor (PWR) improvement that yields better neutron economy than the traditional out-in fuel management scheme with resulting economic savings and a likely reduction in vessel fast neutron fluence. The Commonwealth Edison Zion-1 reactor was selected as representative of current operating PWRs and analyzed. A major objective was to develop and analyze optimum transition loading arrangements leading from present out-in management to the desired low-leakage scheme. A so-called “wet” burnable poison was used in the calcula-tional model, which was based on various Electric Power Research Institute/Advanced Recycle Methodology Program modules. An accelerated direct search scheme was developed to optimize the loading pattern utilizing the initial boron concentration as the objective function, which would correspond to a maximum cycle length for a given number of loaded fresh assemblies. The equilibrium cycle, with 32 of 48 fresh assemblies loaded in the core interior, resulted in a 6.4% saving in fuel cycle costs compared with a three-batch out-in strategy, and a 3.8% saving compared with a four-batch out-in strategy. Therefore, the low-leakage option is a promising improvement and detailed design is justified.