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NN Asks: How can nuclear energy support the rising energy demand from data centers?
Nicolas Stauff
Data centers power our digital lives—along with many aspects of our economy and the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence. Electricity demand is rising rapidly, with the domestic data center load projected to increase from 4 percent to 9 percent of U.S. electricity consumption by 2030. This surge is already reshaping utility planning, grid interconnection queues, and the market for reliable power nationwide.
Nuclear energy is well matched to data center needs, because it provides reliable, 24/7 electricity with stable long-term costs. Modern hyperscale data center campuses can require hundreds of megawatts for IT equipment and cooling, and many applications demand maximum uptime. At the same time, leading hyperscalers have aggressive decarbonization commitments that limit reliance on fossil generation. Data centers also require fiber connectivity, a skilled workforce, and local acceptance—yet they can deliver meaningful tax base and employment impacts, especially when coupled with a major energy project.
Motoo Aoyama, Sadao Uchikawa, Kazuyoshi Miki, Kazuo Hiramoto, Renzo Takeda
Nuclear Technology | Volume 64 | Number 1 | January 1984 | Pages 19-25
Technical Paper | Nuclear Fuel | doi.org/10.13182/NT84-A33323
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A new design concept of a boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel bundle for extended burnup was proposed to improve the capacity factor without increasing the fuel cycle cost. Some effects, which are raised from higher burnup, such as strong pellet-cladding interaction due to enhanced fuel swelling and changes in neutronic characteristics due to increased fuel enrichment, are minimized by a reduction in the maximum fuel temperature to below 1200°C and an increase in the moderator-to-fuel ratio. To realize these concepts, a 9 × 9 lattice design with a reduced fuel rod diameter and annular pellets was proposed. The proposed fuel bundle design offers advantages in fuel cycle improvements through extension of achievable burnup and reduction of fuel inventory. The core, loaded with the proposed fuel bundles which achieve 30% higher burnup by the full power month, has a potential for natural uranium savings of ∼20% per unit power and a reduction in the amount of reprocessing of ∼40% per unit power, compared with the current BWR design when coupled with other improvements such as refueling pattern optimization, natural uranium axial blankets, and spectral shift with flow control.