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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Yutaka Kukita, Ken Namatame, Isao Takeshita, Masayoshi Shiba
Nuclear Technology | Volume 63 | Number 2 | November 1983 | Pages 337-346
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33292
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The noncondensable gas effects on the loss-of-coolant-accident-induced steam condensation loads in the boiling water reactor pressure suppression pool have been investigated with regard to experimental data obtained from a large-scale multivent test program. Previous studies have noted that the presence of the noncondensable gas (air), which initially fills the containment drywell space, stabilizes the direct-contact condensation in the pressure suppression pool and hampers onset of the chugging phenomenon, which induces most significant steam condensation load onto the pool boundary. This was found to be true for the tests with relatively small-break diameters, where the maximum steam mass fluxes in the vent pipe were lower than the upper threshold value for the onset of chugging. However, in the tests with the maximum vent steam mass fluxes moderately higher than the chugging upper threshold value, early depletion of the noncondensable gas tended to result in significant stabilization of steam condensation accompanied by an excursion of temperature of pool water surrounding the vent pipe outlets, which led to a delayed onset of chugging. Due to this combined influence of the noncondensable gas and nonuniform pool temperature, and due to dependence of magnitude of chugging load on the vent steam mass flux, the peak magnitude of the steam condensation load appearing in a blowdown can be very sensitive to the initial and break conditions.