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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Gian Piero Celata, Maurizio Cumo, Giovanni Elvio Farello, Pier Carmelo Incalcaterra, Antonio Naviglio
Nuclear Technology | Volume 60 | Number 1 | January 1983 | Pages 137-142
Technical Paper | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT83-A33109
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
With reference to loss-of-coolant accidents in light water reactors, the critical flows of subcooled liquids are examined, particularly from the viewpoint of the time extension of the metastability state. “Ad hoc” tests have outlined an upper limit of this time range at 10−4 s. The flow characteristics of the unbounded jets have been investigated both externally (via photographic measurements of the external shapes at various subcoolings) and internally (via pressure profiles in the radial direction). As far as pressure profiles within the jet are concerned, the presence in the jets characterized by the subcooled inlet conditions of a central liquid core gradually evaporating has been outlined.