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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
Herbert W. Keller, John M. Shallenberger, David A. Hollein, A. Carl Hott
Nuclear Technology | Volume 59 | Number 3 | December 1982 | Pages 476-482
Technical PaperTechnical Paper | The Backfill as an Engineered Barrier for Radioactive Waste Management / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT82-A33005
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Development of a special application of hafnium for pressurized water reactor control rods is discussed. A unique feature of the design is the sealing of the hafnium material inside protective stainless steel tubing, whereas in prior applications the hafnium material was exposed directly to the reactor primary coolant. A comparison is made of the new hafnium design with silver-indium-cadmium and B4C hybrid control rod material design applications. The advantages and disadvantages of the alternative designs are summarized, including performance and fabrication considerations.