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Division Spotlight
Thermal Hydraulics
The division provides a forum for focused technical dialogue on thermal hydraulic technology in the nuclear industry. Specifically, this will include heat transfer and fluid mechanics involved in the utilization of nuclear energy. It is intended to attract the highest quality of theoretical and experimental work to ANS, including research on basic phenomena and application to nuclear system design.
Meeting Spotlight
2025 ANS Annual Conference
June 15–18, 2025
Chicago, IL|Chicago Marriott Downtown
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Smarter waste strategies: Helping deliver on the promise of advanced nuclear
At COP28, held in Dubai in 2023, a clear consensus emerged: Nuclear energy must be a cornerstone of the global clean energy transition. With electricity demand projected to soar as we decarbonize not just power but also industry, transport, and heat, the case for new nuclear is compelling. More than 20 countries committed to tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050. In the United States alone, the Department of Energy forecasts that the country’s current nuclear capacity could more than triple, adding 200 GW of new nuclear to the existing 95 GW by mid-century.
Earl L. White, Warren E. Berry
Nuclear Technology | Volume 55 | Number 1 | October 1981 | Pages 135-150
Technical Paper | Materials Performance in Nuclear Steam Generator / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT81-A32837
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Pot boiler tests have been conducted to study the effects of copper and nickel compounds on the tube wastage and support plate denting phenomena observed in steam generators of pressurized water reactors. The results of these tests revealed that copper compounds produced denting when chloride was present, but were not a necessary ingredient since NiCl2 produced even more severe denting in the absence of copper. The pot boiler consisted of seven steel umbrellas mounted on a heated Inconel Alloy 600 tube under boiling conditions at 288°C. Six tests, each of 30-days duration, were conducted with all volatile treatment (morpholine at pH 9.0 to 9.2) in each test. Water chemistry of 50 ppm phosphate (as Na2HPO4) to 15 ppm chlorine (as NaCl) produced wastage on the Inconel tube but no denting (fast linear magnetite growth) of the steel umbrellas. Adding CuO sludge and substituting CuCl for NaCl in the phosphate system reduced the wastage attack on the tubing and produced only incipient denting on the steel umbrellas. Water chemistries of CuO sludge-CuCl (15 ppm chloride) or Fe3O4 sludge-NiCl2 (15 ppm chloride) produced extensive denting, but no wastage, with the attack by NiCl2 being more severe. The NaCl alone or American Society for Testing and Materials sea salt plus NiFe2O4 sludge (15 ppm chloride in both tests) produced no denting of steel umbrellas nor wastage of Inconel tubes, perhaps because tests were not conducted for sufficient time to develop acid-chloride conditions beneath the umbrellas. Microprobe examination revealed that the chloride concentrated at the steel surface in the umbrella-tube crevices of those specimens that exhibited denting. For the most part, nickel (but not copper) was associated with the chloride except at the steel surface
