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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
G. C. Gose, C. E. Peterson, N. L. Ellis, J. A. McClure
Nuclear Technology | Volume 54 | Number 3 | September 1981 | Pages 298-310
First International Retran Meeting | Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow | doi.org/10.13182/NT81-A32775
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The RETRAN-01 code has a point kinetics model to describe the reactor core behavior during thermal-hydraulic transients. The principal assumption in deriving the point kinetics model is that the neutron flux may be separated into a time-dependent amplitude function and a time-independent shape function. Some transients cannot be correctly analyzed under this assumption, since proper definitions for core average quantities such as reactivity or lifetime include the inner product of the adjoint flux with the perturbed flux. A one-dimensional neutronics model has been developed for RETRAN-02. The ability to account for flux shape changes will permit an improved representation of the thermal and hydraulic feedback effects for many operational transients. The model is based on a space-time factorization method in which the neutron flux behavior is factored into a time-dependent amplitude function and a more slowly varying (in time) shape function. Results from simple slab geometry problems indicate good agreement with known solutions. Calculations that represent larger systems show that correct trends are predicted.